Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Essay - 1325 Words

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate and is the immediate supply of energy for biological processes. The ATP consists of an organic nitrogenous base, Adenosine, which is one of the four bases found in a DNA strand, it also consists of a ribose sugar with three phosphates joined by high energy bonds. The energy itself is stored in the form of high-energy chemical bonds; this energy is released on hydrolysis, i.e. by the reaction with water, in a similar way peptide bonds are hydrolysed in proteins. ATP is adapted to is highly suited to its function and role within living organisms as it is easily broken down and is thus a store for immediate energy; it is also a small molecule and can easily move around cells†¦show more content†¦The hydrogen ions produced from their removal from the reduced hydrogen acceptors are utilised in the proton pump theory and synthesise 28 ATP molecules. Overall, the whole process of cellular respiration produces 38 ATP molecules (per molecule of glucose) (Glycolysis = 8 ATP, Krebs = 2 ATP, Electron transport chain = 28 ATP). We have established how ATP is produced in respiration, but the role of ATP is much more widespread. ATP is used in the kidney for example, where the process of active transport is dominant. Active transport is the movement of substances against the concentration gradient using ATP from respiration and carrier proteins in the membrane. The active transport of sodium ions from the ascending limb into the medullary tissue involves ATP, which allows the water to be reabsorbed because the water potential of the tissue surrounding the loop of henle is decreased. ATP is also used in proteins synthesis, which occurs when the bases are forming bonds by complimentary base pairing e.g. A-T, C-G during semi conservative replication where one half of the original parent DNA is conserved in the daughter DNA, or during transcription, whichShow MoreRelatedThe Energy Systems : Atp ( Adenosine Triphosphate )1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe Energy Systems ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is produced by almost all living things. They are produced in organelles called mitochondria, which are found in cells. ATP is not energy; rather, it temporarily stores energy in its bonds. When the third phosphate bond is broken, energy is released. This then creates ADP, which has one less phosphate attached to the group. The process of respiration uses two energy systems. Aerobic Respiration, meaning with oxygen , is used for long-term, steadyRead MoreThe Different Ways in Which Organism Use Atp774 Words   |  4 PagesAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide used in cells as a coenzyme. It is often called the molecular unit of currency of energy transfer. ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is produced by photo-phosphorylation and cellular respiration and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including active transport, respiration, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by ATP synthaseRead MoreCellular Respiration : Energy From Food Sources1596 Words   |  7 Pagesof stored energy called ATP or adenosine triphosphate. In order for our body to use the energy we make our cells need the energy to be transferred into ATP, adenosine triphosphate to be able to let our body do anything. Adenosine triphosphate is made up of adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups attached to it. The three phosphate groups are very uncomfortable being next to each other, so ATP splits them up shifts one of the phosphate groups off the end creating Adenosine diphosphate. In this reactionRead MoreGenetic Disease And Its Effects On The Body1113 Words   |  5 Pages(Haldeman-Englert, 2014). McArdle’s disease is also known as Type V Glycogen Storage Disorder. It affects approximately one out of every 100,000 people (McArdlesDisease.org, n.d.). Glycogen is broken down into glucose, which is used to produce adenosine triphosphate for muscle energy. Patients can live relatively normal lives with this disease once proper care and education has been provided (Kitaoka, 2014). Genetic Nature McArdle’s disease is seen as muscle dysfunction caused by a mutation in the geneRead MoreEssay on Firefly Lab Report1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe effect of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) on bioluminescence in fireflies. Introduction Adenosine triphosphate, also known as ATP, is the supply of energy found in every cell that we need in order to do essentially everything (Anonymous, 2008). It is an energy source for biochemical reactions such as muscle contraction, active transport, molecular synthesis, and in fireflies, also known as lightening bugs, bioluminescence (Biology Book). Bioluminescence is the process in which living organismsRead MoreAdenosine Triphosphate Essay624 Words   |  3 Pages Adenosine Triphosphate All living organisms require a continuous supply of energy to survive. At any one time there are millions of chemical reactions occurring simultaneously, with some reactions requiring energy and others releasing energy. The combination of simultaneous interrelated chemical reactions taking place at any given time in a cell at any given time is referred to as metabolism. Energy is needed in biological organisms for: - synthesis of chemicals Read MoreCellular Respiration And Its Effect On The Larger Picture Essay765 Words   |  4 PagesCellular Respiration Introduction: One commonality among all organisms is cellular respiration. In this process, energy from chemical bonds is harvested from glucose and stored in adenosine triphosphate. Due to this ubiquitousness of cellular respiration, biologists need to understand the process in depth, but broad overview will allow a better understanding of how the more complex pieces fit in the larger picture. Cellular respiration has for main steps and proceeds as follows: 1. Active TransportRead MoreWhy Do We Need Energy?1587 Words   |  7 Pagescovering three key areas first of whom; why we need energy, secondly it will give an outline of what ATP is and its role in the body and it will outline the main energy sources required for energy release. Basal metabolism, body composition, digestion and absorption, physical energy and mental energy are the five key reasons why we need energy. The process of using energy begins with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) this is a compound which scientists referred to and defined as the currency for energy exchangeRead MoreCellular Respiration Assignment1438 Words   |  6 Pagesphosphate is removed from ATP? There are three phosphate groups in ATP molecule (Adenosine Triphosphate), when removing one phosphate molecule, ADP molecule is formed (Adenosine Diphosphate). 2. What is the function of ATP? Describe the molecule. The function of ATP is storing energy within a cell. ATP is adenosine triphosphate, C10H16N5O13P3, a high energy complex, giving the necessary power to push metabolistic reactions in the body. Its composed of adenosine, a ribose sugar, and threeRead MoreMitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy Disease ( Mngie )1461 Words   |  6 Pagesthymidine phosphorylase causes MNGIE and lowers the production of adenosine triphosphate production. To begin, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy disease is related to adenosine triphosphate because it lowers the production. In a case report on Hindawi called â€Å" Anesthetic Management of a Child with Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy† it states, â€Å" These mutations can result in a decrease in ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation in the respiratory chain